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Reserved / Special-use CIDR

231.0.0.0/8

16.78M IPs /8 Reserved · RFC 5771 IANA
Multicast · RFC 5771

Class D multicast address range — used for one-to-many delivery protocols like mDNS, OSPF, SSDP, and streaming media. Source addresses are always unicast; these appear only as destinations.

This range is reserved by IANA — it is not allocated to an organization, ISP, or regional internet registry. Addresses here appear on every private/internal network that follows the standard, so lookups will not identify a specific owner. 231.0.0.0/8 is a sub-block of 224.0.0.0/4, the defining reserved range.

Addresses
16,777,216
16.78M
Sub-ranges
0+
within this block

First 256 of 16,777,216 IP addresses in 231.0.0.0/8

231.0.0.0 231.0.0.1 231.0.0.2 231.0.0.3 231.0.0.4 231.0.0.5 231.0.0.6 231.0.0.7 231.0.0.8 231.0.0.9 231.0.0.10 231.0.0.11 231.0.0.12 231.0.0.13 231.0.0.14 231.0.0.15 231.0.0.16 231.0.0.17 231.0.0.18 231.0.0.19 231.0.0.20 231.0.0.21 231.0.0.22 231.0.0.23 231.0.0.24 231.0.0.25 231.0.0.26 231.0.0.27 231.0.0.28 231.0.0.29 231.0.0.30 231.0.0.31 231.0.0.32 231.0.0.33 231.0.0.34 231.0.0.35 231.0.0.36 231.0.0.37 231.0.0.38 231.0.0.39 231.0.0.40 231.0.0.41 231.0.0.42 231.0.0.43 231.0.0.44 231.0.0.45 231.0.0.46 231.0.0.47 231.0.0.48 231.0.0.49 231.0.0.50 231.0.0.51 231.0.0.52 231.0.0.53 231.0.0.54 231.0.0.55 231.0.0.56 231.0.0.57 231.0.0.58 231.0.0.59 231.0.0.60 231.0.0.61 231.0.0.62 231.0.0.63 231.0.0.64 231.0.0.65 231.0.0.66 231.0.0.67 231.0.0.68 231.0.0.69 231.0.0.70 231.0.0.71 231.0.0.72 231.0.0.73 231.0.0.74 231.0.0.75 231.0.0.76 231.0.0.77 231.0.0.78 231.0.0.79 231.0.0.80 231.0.0.81 231.0.0.82 231.0.0.83 231.0.0.84 231.0.0.85 231.0.0.86 231.0.0.87 231.0.0.88 231.0.0.89 231.0.0.90 231.0.0.91 231.0.0.92 231.0.0.93 231.0.0.94 231.0.0.95 231.0.0.96 231.0.0.97 231.0.0.98 231.0.0.99 231.0.0.100 231.0.0.101 231.0.0.102 231.0.0.103 231.0.0.104 231.0.0.105 231.0.0.106 231.0.0.107 231.0.0.108 231.0.0.109 231.0.0.110 231.0.0.111 231.0.0.112 231.0.0.113 231.0.0.114 231.0.0.115 231.0.0.116 231.0.0.117 231.0.0.118 231.0.0.119 231.0.0.120 231.0.0.121 231.0.0.122 231.0.0.123 231.0.0.124 231.0.0.125 231.0.0.126 231.0.0.127 231.0.0.128 231.0.0.129 231.0.0.130 231.0.0.131 231.0.0.132 231.0.0.133 231.0.0.134 231.0.0.135 231.0.0.136 231.0.0.137 231.0.0.138 231.0.0.139 231.0.0.140 231.0.0.141 231.0.0.142 231.0.0.143 231.0.0.144 231.0.0.145 231.0.0.146 231.0.0.147 231.0.0.148 231.0.0.149 231.0.0.150 231.0.0.151 231.0.0.152 231.0.0.153 231.0.0.154 231.0.0.155 231.0.0.156 231.0.0.157 231.0.0.158 231.0.0.159 231.0.0.160 231.0.0.161 231.0.0.162 231.0.0.163 231.0.0.164 231.0.0.165 231.0.0.166 231.0.0.167 231.0.0.168 231.0.0.169 231.0.0.170 231.0.0.171 231.0.0.172 231.0.0.173 231.0.0.174 231.0.0.175 231.0.0.176 231.0.0.177 231.0.0.178 231.0.0.179 231.0.0.180 231.0.0.181 231.0.0.182 231.0.0.183 231.0.0.184 231.0.0.185 231.0.0.186 231.0.0.187 231.0.0.188 231.0.0.189 231.0.0.190 231.0.0.191 231.0.0.192 231.0.0.193 231.0.0.194 231.0.0.195 231.0.0.196 231.0.0.197 231.0.0.198 231.0.0.199 231.0.0.200 231.0.0.201 231.0.0.202 231.0.0.203 231.0.0.204 231.0.0.205 231.0.0.206 231.0.0.207 231.0.0.208 231.0.0.209 231.0.0.210 231.0.0.211 231.0.0.212 231.0.0.213 231.0.0.214 231.0.0.215 231.0.0.216 231.0.0.217 231.0.0.218 231.0.0.219 231.0.0.220 231.0.0.221 231.0.0.222 231.0.0.223 231.0.0.224 231.0.0.225 231.0.0.226 231.0.0.227 231.0.0.228 231.0.0.229 231.0.0.230 231.0.0.231 231.0.0.232 231.0.0.233 231.0.0.234 231.0.0.235 231.0.0.236 231.0.0.237 231.0.0.238 231.0.0.239 231.0.0.240 231.0.0.241 231.0.0.242 231.0.0.243 231.0.0.244 231.0.0.245 231.0.0.246 231.0.0.247 231.0.0.248 231.0.0.249 231.0.0.250 231.0.0.251 231.0.0.252 231.0.0.253 231.0.0.254 231.0.0.255 + 16.78M more (range too large to list inline)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is 231.0.0.0/8?

231.0.0.0/8 falls inside 224.0.0.0/4 — a Multicast range reserved by RFC 5771. Class D multicast address range — used for one-to-many delivery protocols like mDNS, OSPF, SSDP, and streaming media. Source addresses are always unicast; these appear only as destinations.

Is 231.0.0.0/8 routable on the public internet?

No. 231.0.0.0/8 is part of IANA-reserved special-use space (224.0.0.0/4, RFC 5771). Packets with these addresses are either filtered by backbone routers or handled as local/special traffic — they never reach the public internet.

Who owns 231.0.0.0/8?

231.0.0.0/8 is not allocated to any organization or ISP. It is part of the Multicast block reserved by IANA under RFC 5771 for every network to use privately.

Last updated: 2026-07-23 00:25:32 UTC
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