Web3 decentralization report
How concentrated decentralized networks really are at the infrastructure level. For each network we measure what share of its nodes sit on a single hosting provider and in a single country — computed by joining the public web3 node map to our IPv4 ASN / org / geo intelligence. Lower top-provider and top-country shares mean a more genuinely decentralized network.
Concentration at a glance
Higher % = more concentrated (less decentralized).
| Network | Nodes | ASNs | Countries | Top provider | Top country |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IPFS IPFS | 4,723 | 691 | 74 | 9.7% The Constant Company, LLC | 31.2% United States |
| ◎ Solana | 3,815 | 211 | 46 | 38.2% TeraSwitch Networks Inc. | 27.0% United States |
| AR Arweave | 180 | 47 | 22 | 23.3% Lucky Friday Labs, LLC | 38.3% United States |
| XMR Monero | 158 | 87 | 30 | 11.4% DigitalOcean, LLC | 27.2% United States |
| AVL Avail | 141 | 31 | 20 | 31.2% DigitalOcean, LLC | 27.7% Germany |
| FIL Filecoin | 108 | 48 | 20 | 17.6% Korea Telecom | 25.0% South Korea |
| TIA Celestia | 33 | 18 | 10 | 18.2% Scaleway SAS | 24.2% France |
| GNO Gnosis | 10 | 5 | 7 | 40.0% OVH SAS | 20.0% Finland |
| DOT Polkadot | 7 | 6 | 6 | 28.6% OVH SAS | 28.6% Canada |
- The Constant Company, LLC 9.7%
- Hetzner Online GmbH 8.8%
- Ultahost, Inc. 7.0%
- Contabo GmbH 6.7%
- Amazon.com, Inc. 4.8%
- OVH SAS 4.3%
- DigitalOcean, LLC 3.9%
- Contabo Inc. 3.6%
- United States 31.2%
- Germany 13.4%
- France 10.2%
- Finland 4.4%
- United Kingdom 3.8%
- Canada 3.7%
- The Netherlands 3.4%
- Singapore 3.2%
- TeraSwitch Networks Inc. 38.2%
- UAB Cherry Servers 9.4%
- Latitude.sh 8.8%
- Limestone Networks, Inc. 5.7%
- Allnodes Inc 4.1%
- OVH SAS 4.1%
- The Constant Company, LLC 2.2%
- Amarutu Technology Ltd 2.0%
- United States 27.0%
- Germany 25.2%
- The Netherlands 16.2%
- Japan 9.0%
- Singapore 5.7%
- United Kingdom 4.7%
- France 1.7%
- Ireland 1.5%
- Lucky Friday Labs, LLC 23.3%
- Amazon.com, Inc. 15.0%
- Hetzner Online GmbH 13.9%
- OVH SAS 4.4%
- China Mobile Communications Group Co., Ltd. 3.9%
- Alibaba US Technology Co., Ltd. 3.3%
- netcup GmbH 2.8%
- Data Communication Business Group 2.2%
- United States 38.3%
- Germany 15.6%
- Singapore 7.2%
- Japan 6.7%
- Hong Kong 5.6%
- South Korea 5.0%
- China 4.4%
- Italy 2.8%
- DigitalOcean, LLC 11.4%
- Hetzner Online GmbH 10.8%
- netcup GmbH 5.1%
- OVH SAS 4.4%
- IONOS SE 3.2%
- Akamai Connected Cloud 1.9%
- Contabo GmbH 1.9%
- Google, LLC 1.9%
- United States 27.2%
- Germany 19.6%
- Canada 7.0%
- United Kingdom 7.0%
- France 5.7%
- The Netherlands 5.1%
- Finland 4.4%
- Australia 2.5%
- DigitalOcean, LLC 31.2%
- Hetzner Online GmbH 25.5%
- OVH SAS 9.2%
- Allnodes Inc 3.5%
- MEVSPACE sp. z o.o. 3.5%
- velia.net 2.8%
- netcup GmbH 2.1%
- UAB Cherry Servers 2.1%
- Germany 27.7%
- The Netherlands 17.0%
- Finland 13.5%
- United States 12.1%
- France 7.8%
- Poland 3.5%
- Singapore 3.5%
- Canada 2.8%
- Korea Telecom 17.6%
- Chinanet 6.5%
- LG DACOM Corporation 6.5%
- OVH SAS 5.6%
- CHINA UNICOM China169 Backbone 3.7%
- China Unicom IP network China169 Guangdong province 3.7%
- Kaopu Cloud HK Limited 3.7%
- Celeste SAS 2.8%
- South Korea 25.0%
- China 21.3%
- United States 11.1%
- Hong Kong 7.4%
- Canada 4.6%
- France 4.6%
- Germany 3.7%
- United Kingdom 3.7%
- Scaleway SAS 18.2%
- Hetzner Online GmbH 12.1%
- Limestone Networks, Inc. 9.1%
- TeraSwitch Networks Inc. 9.1%
- GTHost 6.1%
- Leaseweb Canada Inc. 6.1%
- VeloxServ Communications Ltd 6.1%
- 01node Funding Srl 3.0%
- France 24.2%
- United States 21.2%
- Germany 12.1%
- Finland 9.1%
- Canada 6.1%
- United Kingdom 6.1%
- The Netherlands 6.1%
- Romania 6.1%
- OVH SAS 40.0%
- Allnodes Inc 20.0%
- Hetzner Online GmbH 20.0%
- DLIVE 10.0%
- Odido Netherlands B.V. 10.0%
- Finland 20.0%
- France 20.0%
- Japan 20.0%
- South Korea 10.0%
- The Netherlands 10.0%
- Singapore 10.0%
- United States 10.0%
- OVH SAS 28.6%
- Equinix (EMEA) Acquisition Enterprises B.V. 14.3%
- Free SAS 14.3%
- GST Services LLC 14.3%
- Limestone Networks, Inc. 14.3%
- Tele Asia Limited 14.3%
- Canada 28.6%
- France 14.3%
- United Kingdom 14.3%
- Hong Kong 14.3%
- Japan 14.3%
- United States 14.3%
How we measure decentralization
A network can have thousands of nodes yet still be highly centralized if most of those nodes run inside a handful of cloud providers or in one country. We surface that by resolving each node’s public IP to its hosting network (ASN), operator and country — exactly the data on every IP page — then computing each network’s distribution across those dimensions.
The top-provider share is the percentage of a network’s nodes on its single largest hosting ASN/operator; the top-country share is the same for geography. These are first-order concentration measures: useful, quotable, and reproducible from the public per-network node lists. They count reachable nodes, not stake or hashpower.
Decentralization — FAQ
Frequently Asked Questions
What does the decentralization report measure?
For each network it measures infrastructure concentration: the share of nodes running on the single largest hosting provider (ASN/operator) and in the single largest country. A network can have thousands of nodes yet still be centralized if most sit in a few clouds or one country. The figures count reachable nodes, not stake or hashpower.
How is the data calculated?
We take each network's public node list, resolve every node IP to its hosting network, operator and country using the same IP intelligence shown on every IP page, and compute the distribution across those dimensions. It is reproducible from public per-network peer data.
Does this measure how secure or trustworthy a network is?
No. It is a first-order infrastructure-distribution measure, not a security or trust rating. Lower top-provider and top-country shares indicate a network whose reachable nodes are spread across more providers and places, which is one of several aspects of decentralization.
